The conflicts that emerged after the Revolution revealed the ephemeral nature of power and how subaltern classes served as the shock force deployed by different political factions. Despite this, the sheep exports provided a new economic outlook and allowed the rise of a powerful landowner: Juan Manuel de Rosas, a figure deeply tied to the Buenos Aires countryside, who would shape the course of the territory during this period.

Bernardino Rivadavia, for his part, played a central role from 1820 onwards, both as minister under Martín Rodríguez and later as president. During his administration, he facilitated the modernization of the public administration and ended the colonial legacy through radical measures such as the suppression of the cabildos and the creation of new state institutions.

From this point on, caudillismo became a key element in provinces opposed to Buenos Aires, such as Entre Ríos, Córdoba, Corrientes or Misiones - where constitutional experiments from 1819 onwards were of fundamental importance as well.

The final stage of this period was dominated by the figures of Rosas, Urquiza, and Derqui, who embodied a personalization of power that polarized the territory for a quarter of a century.